牛圈: MRTG配置笔记

mrtg官方网站：http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/index.en.html

在http://www.sunfreeware.com/下载for solaris9 sprac的版本，直接pkgadd进
行安装。
mrtg同时需要libgcc、perl、apache、net-snmp等软件支持。

【mrtg安装配置步骤】
1、安装mrtg
pkgadd -d mrtg-2.16.2-sol9-sparc-local

2、建立mrtg工作目录
mkdir /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test

3、配置apache的httpd.conf
vi /etc/apache/httpd.conf，增加：
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Alias /cmnet/ "/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/"
<Directory "/export/home/gdau/mrtg">
Options Indexes FollowSymlinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
-------------------------------------------------------------------

4、启动apache
/etc/init.d/apache start、stop、restart

5、生成mrtg.cfg文件
perl /usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/cfgmaker --global "WorkDir:
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E"
--global "options[_]: growright,bits" --ifdesc=alias
--snmp-options=:::::2 ChinaMobile_Manager_Read@221.130.208.50 --output
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E/mrtg.cfg

6、进行采集
perl /usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/mrtg
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E/mrtg.cfg

首次运行会报错，运行三次以上便可以消除错误。

7、生成网页首页文件
perl /usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/indexmaker
--output=/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E/index.html
--title=CMNET
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E/mrtg.cfg

8、将采集命令放置crontab，最小粒度为5分钟运行。

以下为：自动生成mrtg.cfg配置文件和自动采集shell脚本
-------------------------------------------------------------------
cmnet_flow_mrtg_cfg.sh
-------------------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/bash

declare -a ip=(218.204.25.245 218.204.25.237 218.204.25.246
211.138.253.254 218.204.25.240 218.204.25.241 211.138.253.249
218.204.25.238 218.204.25.239 218.204.25.254 218.204.26.254
218.204.25.253 218.204.32.254 218.204.25.252 218.204.38.254
218.204.38.226 218.204.25.251 218.204.44.254 218.204.25.250
218.204.50.254 218.204.25.249 218.204.56.254 218.204.25.248 218.204.60.254 )
declare -a host=(GXNN-PB-CMNET-RT01-NEW-RE0 GXNN-PB-CMNET-RT02
OLD-PB-CMNET-RT02 GXNN-PA-CMNET-RT01 GXNN-PA-CMNET-RT04
GXNN-PA-CMNET-RT05 GXNN-PA-CMNET-RT06 GXNN-PA-CMNET-RT07
GXNN-PA-CMNET-RT08 GXLZ-PB-CMNET-RT01 GXLZ-PB-CMNET-RT02.gx.cnmobile.net
GXGL-PB-CMNET-RT01 GXGL-PB-CMNET-RT02 GXYL-PB-CMNET-RT01
GXYL-PB-CMNET-RT02.gx.cnmobile.net GXYL-PA-CMNET-SW01 GXWZ-PB-CMNET-RT01
GXWZ-PB-CMNET-RT02.gx.cnmobile.net GXBH-PB-CMNET-RT01
GXBH-PB-CMNET-RT02.gx.cnmobile.net GXHC-PB-CMNET-RT01
GXHC-PB-CMNET-RT02.gx.cnmobile.net GXBS-PB-CMNET-RT01 GXBS-PB-CMNET-RT02)
declare -a snmp_c=(GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008
GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008
GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008
GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008
GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008
GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008
GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008
GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008 GXMCC_cmnet_nm2008)

ip_count=23
host_count=23
snmp_c_count=23
i=0

#生成html前半部
mkdir -p /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test
cd /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test

while [ $i -le $ip_count ]
do
mkdir -p /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/${ip[$i]}__${host[$i]}
workdir="/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/${ip[$i]}__${host[$i]}"
output="/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/${ip[$i]}__${host[$i]}/mrtg.cfg"
snmphost="${snmp_c[$i]}@${ip[$i]}"
perl /usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/cfgmaker --global "WorkDir: $workdir"
--output $output --global "options[_]: growright,bits" --ifdesc=alias
--snmp-options=:::::2 $snmphost

i=$(( $i+1 ))
done

#invoke gather_mrtg_data java program
cd /export/home/gdau/task/gather_mrtg_data
./run_gather_cfg.sh
-------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------
cmnet_flow_mrtg.sh
-------------------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/bash

ip_count=23
host_count=23
snmp_c_count=23
i=0

#生成html前半部
mkdir -p /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test
cd /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test

#echo "<HTML>" > /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<HEAD>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <TITLE>CMNET</TITLE>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html;
charset=iso-8859-15\" >" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <META NAME=\"Command-Line\"
CONTENT=\"/usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/indexmaker
--output=/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E/index.html
--title=CMNET
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E/mrtg.cfg\"
>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <META HTTP-EQUIV=\"Refresh\" CONTENT=\"300\" >" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <META HTTP-EQUIV=\"Cache-Control\" content=\"no-cache\" >" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <META HTTP-EQUIV=\"Pragma\" CONTENT=\"no-cache\" >" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <META HTTP-EQUIV=\"Expires\" CONTENT=\"Thu, 22 Jan 2009 05:57:01
GMT\" >" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <LINK HREF=\"favicon.ico\" rel=\"shortcut icon\" > " >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<style type=\"text/css\">" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "/* commandline was: /usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/indexmaker
--output=/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E/index.html
--title=CMNET
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/221.130.208.50__GXNN-BC-SXNET-RT01-NE80E/mrtg.cfg
*/" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "/* sorry, no style, just abusing this to place the commandline
and pass validation */" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</style>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</HEAD>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<BODY bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" text=\"#000000\" link=\"#000000\"
vlink=\"#000000\" alink=\"#000000\">" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<H1>CMNET</H1>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<TABLE BORDER=0 CELLPADDING=0 CELLSPACING=10>" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<tr>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<td>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html

while [ $i -le $ip_count ]
do
mkdir -p /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/${ip[$i]}__${host[$i]}
workdir="/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/${ip[$i]}__${host[$i]}"
output="/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/${ip[$i]}__${host[$i]}/mrtg.cfg"
snmphost="${snmp_c[$i]}@${ip[$i]}"
#perl /usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/cfgmaker --global "WorkDir: $workdir"
--output $output --global "options[_]: growright,bits" --ifref=ip
--ifdesc=alias --snmp-options=::1:1::2 $snmphost
perl /usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/mrtg $output
index="$workdir/index.html"
perl /usr/local/mrtg-2/bin/indexmaker --output=$index --title=CMNET $output

# #生成html中部
# echo "<DIV><B><A
HREF="./${ip[$i]}__${host[$i]}/index.html">${host[$i]}</A></B><BR></DIV>"
>> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
# echo "<br>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html

i=$(( $i+1 ))
done

#生成html后半部
#echo "</td>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</tr>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</TABLE>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#
#echo "<BR>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0>" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <TR>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <TD WIDTH=63><A" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " HREF=\"http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/\"><IMG" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " BORDER=0 SRC=\"mrtg-l.png\" WIDTH=63 HEIGHT=25
ALT=\"MRTG\"></A></TD>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <TD WIDTH=25><A" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " HREF=\"http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/\"><IMG" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " BORDER=0 SRC=\"mrtg-m.png\" WIDTH=25 HEIGHT=25
ALT=\"\"></A></TD>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <TD WIDTH=388><A" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " HREF=\"http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/\"><IMG" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " BORDER=0 SRC=\"mrtg-r.png\" WIDTH=388 HEIGHT=25" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " ALT=\"Multi Router Traffic Grapher\"></A></TD>" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " </TR>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</TABLE>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "<TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0>" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <TR VALIGN=top>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <TD WIDTH=88 ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT FACE=\"Arial,Helvetica\" SIZE=2>"
>> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " version 2.16.2</FONT></TD>" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <TD WIDTH=388 ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT FACE=\"Arial,Helvetica\"
SIZE=2>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <A HREF=\"http://tobi.oetiker.ch/\">Tobias Oetiker</A>" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " <A
HREF=\"mailto:tobi+mrtglink@oetiker.ch\"><tobi@oetiker.ch></A>" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " and <A
HREF=\"http://www.bungi.com/\">Dave Rand</A> <A
HREF=\"mailto:dlr@bungi.com\"><dlr@bungi.com></A></FONT>" >>
/export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo " </TD>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</TR>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</TABLE>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</BODY>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html
#echo "</HTML>" >> /export/home/gdau/mrtg_test/index.html

#invoke gather_mrtg_data java program
cd /export/home/gdau/task/gather_mrtg_data
./run_gather_data.sh
-------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------
crontab文件
-------------------------------------------------------------------
0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 * * * *
/export/home/gdau/task/cmnet_flow_mrtg.sh
#3 0,1,2 * * * /export/home/gdau/task/cmnet_flow_mrtg_cfg.sh
-------------------------------------------------------------------

【存在问题】
1、mrtg对大流量端口不支持。mrtg默认针对ifTable进行采集，采集的ifIn和
ifOut都为32位。但是针对高速端口，流速很大，32位的Counter很容易溢出。必须
要配置snmp V2版本支持才行。原理是使用ifXTable中的ifHCIn和ifHCOut来采集。
在生成mrtg.cfg文件时，增加：--snmp-options=:::::2选项
由于mrtg（版本：2.16.2）本身存在bug，需要修改cfgmaker脚本的907行。将：
if(not $speed or $counter eq "" or $counter =~ /\D/ or
$SNMP_Session::errmsg or $Net_SNMP_util::ErrorMessage){
修改为：
if(not $speed or $counter eq "" or $counter !~ /\d/ or
$SNMP_Session::errmsg or $Net_SNMP_util::ErrorMessage){
目的是禁止在mrtg.cfg文件中生成noHC：yes的选项。

2、对华为的设备，不支持采集ifAlias。
修改cfgmaker文件，修改：173行。将：
if ($routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{Vendor} eq 'cisco' &&
$routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{sysDescr} =~ m/Version\s+(\d+\.\d+)/) {
push @Variables, ($1 > 11.0 or $1 < 10.0 ) ? "ifAlias" : "CiscolocIfDescr";
if ($1 > 11.2) {push @Variables, "vmVlan";};
if ($1 > 11.3) {push @Variables, "vlanTrunkPortDynamicStatus";};
} elsif ( $routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{Vendor} =~
/(?:hp|juniper|foundry|dellLan|force10|3com|extremenetworks)/) {
push @Variables, "ifAlias";
}
修改为：
if ($routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{Vendor} eq 'cisco' &&
$routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{sysDescr} =~ m/Version\s+(\d+\.\d+)/) {
push @Variables, ($1 > 11.0 or $1 < 10.0 ) ? "ifAlias" : "CiscolocIfDescr";
if ($1 > 11.2) {push @Variables, "vmVlan";};
if ($1 > 11.3) {push @Variables, "vlanTrunkPortDynamicStatus";};
} elsif ( $routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{Vendor} =~
/(?:hp|juniper|foundry|dellLan|force10|3com|extremenetworks)/) {
push @Variables, "ifAlias";
} else {
push @Variables, "ifAlias";
}

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牛圈

2009-02-10

MRTG配置笔记

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